Aggregation

Parameter                      Details
pipeline                      array(A sequence of data aggregation operations or stages)
options                       document(optional, available only if pipeline present as an array)

Aggregations operations process data records and return computed results. Aggregation operations group values from multiple documents together, and can perform a variety of operations on the grouped data to return a single result. MongoDB provides three ways to perform aggregation: the aggregation pipeline, the map-reduce function,
and single purpose aggregation methods.

From Mongo manual https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/aggregation/